Definition and Examples of Vignettes in Prose

In composition, a  vignette is a verbal sketch—a brief essay  or story  or any carefully crafted short work of prose. Sometimes called a slice of life. A vignette may be either fiction or  nonfiction, either a piece thats complete in itself or one part of a larger work. In their book  Studying Children in Context (1998), M. Elizabeth Graue and Daniel J. Walsh characterize  vignettes as crystallizations that are developed for retelling. Vignettes, they say, put ideas in concrete context, allowing us to see how abstract notions play out in lived experience.  Ã‚   The term vignette (adapted  from a word in Middle French meaning vine) referred originally to a decorative design used in books and manuscripts. The term gained its literary sense in the late 19th century. See Examples and Observations below. Also, see: AnecdoteCharacter (Genre)  and  Character SketchComposing a Character SketchCreative NonfictionDescriptionHow to Write a Descriptive ParagraphNarrative Examples of Vignettes By the Railway Side by Alice MeynellEudora Weltys Sketch of Miss DulingEvan S. Connells Narrative Sketch of Mrs. BridgeHarry Crews Sketch of His StepfatherHemingways Use of RepetitionMy Home of Yesteryear: A Students Descriptive Essay Examples and Observations Composing Vignettes- There are no hard-and-fast guidelines for  writing a vignette, though some may prescribe that the content should contain sufficient descriptive detail, analytic commentary, critical or evaluative perspectives, and so forth. But literary writing is a creative enterprise, and the vignette offers the researcher an opportunity to venture away from traditional scholarly discourse and into evocative prose that remains firmly rooted in the data but is not a slave to it.(Matthew B. Miles, A. Michael Huberman, and Johnny Saldana,  Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook, 3rd ed.  Sage, 2014)- If one is  writing a vignette  about a dearly beloved Volkswagen, one will probably play down the general characteristics which it shares with all VWs and focus instead on its peculiarities—the way it coughs on cold mornings, the time it climbed an icy hill when all the other cars had stalled, etc.(Noretta Koertge, Rational Reconstructions. Essays in Memory o f Imre Lakatos, ed. by  Robert S. Cohen et al. Springer, 1976)E.B. Whites Vignettes[In his early casuals for The New Yorker magazine] E.B. White focused on an unobserved tableau or vignette: a janitor polishing a fireplug with liquid from a Gordons Gin bottle, an unemployed man idling on the street, an old drunk on the subway, noises of New York City, a fantasy drawn from elements observed from an apartment window. As he wrote to his brother Stanley, these were the small things of the day, the trivial matters of the heart, the inconsequential but near things of this living, the little capsule[s] of truth continually important as the subtext of Whites writing.The faint squeak of mortality he listened for sounded particularly in the casuals in which White used himself as a central character. The persona varies from piece to piece, but usually the first-person narrator is someone struggling with embarrassment or confusion over trivial events.(Robert L. Root, Jr., E.B. White: The Emer gence of an Essayist. University of Iowa Press, 1999)An  E.B. White  Vignette on RailroadsThe strong streak of insanity in railroads, which accounts for a childs instinctive feeling for them and for a mans unashamed devotion to them, is congenital; there seems to be no reason to fear that any disturbing improvement in the railroads condition will set in. Lying at peace but awake in a Pullman berth all one hot night recently, we followed with dreamy satisfaction the familiar symphony of the cars—the diner departing (furioso) at midnight, the long, fever-laden silences between runs, the timeless gossip of rail and wheel during the runs, the crescendos and diminuendos, the piffling poop-pooping of the diesels horn. For the most part, railroading is unchanged from our childhood. The water in which one washes ones face at morn is still without any real wetness, the little ladder leading to the upper is still the symbol of the tremendous adventure of the night, the green clothe s hammock still sways with the curves, and there is still no foolproof place to store ones trousers.Our journey really began several days earlier, at the ticket window of a small station in the country, when the agent showed signs of cracking under the paperwork. Its hard to believe, he said, that after all these years I still got to write the word Providence in here every time I make out one of these things. Now, theres no possible conceivable way you could make this journey without going through Providence, yet the Company wants the word written in here just the same. O.K., here she goes! He gravely wrote Providence in the proper space, and we experienced anew the reassurance that rail travel is unchanged and unchanging, and that it suits our temperament perfectly—a dash of lunacy, a sense of detachment, not much speed, and no altitude whatsoever.(E.B. White, Railroads. The Second Tree From the Corner. Harper Row, 1954)Two Vignettes by Annie Dillard: The Return of Winter a nd Playing Football- It snowed and it cleared and I kicked  and pounded the snow. I roamed the darkening snowy neighborhood, oblivious. I bit and crumbled on my tongue the sweet, metallic worms of ice that had formed in rows on my mittens. I took a mitten off to fetch some wool strands from my mouth. Deeper the blue shadows grew on the sidewalk snow, and longer; the blue shadows joined and spread upward from the streets like rising water. I walked wordless and unseeing, dumb and sunk in my skull, until—what was that?The streetlights had come on—yellow, bing—and the new light woke me like noise. I surfaced once again and saw: it was winter now, winter again. The air had grown blue dark; the skies were shrinking; the streetlights had come on; and I was here outside in the dimming days snow, alive.- Some boys taught me to play football. This was fine sport. You thought up a new strategy for every play and whispered it to the others. You went out for a pass, fooli ng everyone. Best, you got to throw yourself mightily at someone’s running legs. Either you brought him down or you hit the ground flat out on your chin, with your arms empty before you. It was all or nothing. If you hesitated in fear, you would miss and get hurt: you would take a hard fall while the kid got away. But if you flung yourself wholeheartedly at the back of his knees—if you gathered and joined body and soul and pointed them diving fearlessly—then you likely wouldn’t get hurt, and you’d stop the ball. Your fate, and your team’s score, depended on your concentration and courage. Nothing girls did could compare with it.(Annie Dillard, An American Childhood. Harper Row, 1987)A Hemingway Vignette on a Matadors DeathMaera lay still, his head on his arms, his face in the sand. He felt warm and sticky from the bleeding. Each time he felt the horn coming. Sometimes the bull only bumped him with his head. Once the horn went all the way th rough him and he felt it go into the sand. Some one had the bull by the tail. They were swearing at him and flopping the cape in his face. Then the bull was gone. Some men picked Maera up and started to run with him toward the barriers through the gate out the passageway around under the grandstand to the infirmary. They laid Maera down on a cot and one of the men went out for the doctor. The others stood around. The doctor came running from the corral where he had been sewing up picador horses. He had to stop and wash his hands. There was a great shouting going on in the grandstand overhead. Maera felt everything getting larger and larger and then smaller and smaller. Then it got larger and larger and larger and then smaller and smaller. Then everything commenced to run faster and faster as when they speed up a cinematograph film. Then he was dead.(Ernest Hemingway, Chapter 14 of In Our Time. Charles Scribners Sons, 1925)​ Pronunciation: vin-YET

Stand by Me Movie Paper - 593 Words

Functions of Friendship Stand by Me explores the groups’ transition from â€Å"care-free† children to young adults. As the group of four journeys to find the dead body, they also make a personal journey in their individual identity. They break away from their parents care by saying that they are camping out in one of the boys’ backyard, while also breaking away from their parents support and discovering who they are as individuals. Dacey states that â€Å"peer influence serves important social and psychological functions. When adolescents do not have the chance to be part of a peer group, they miss out on important learning experiences† (2008: 328). With their parents removed, the boys rely on the friendship they have with one-another†¦show more content†¦According to Dr. Bodinger-deUriarte, â€Å"emotional intimacy is a basic human need that involves sharing and caring on a deep and meaningful level. Actual friendship is perceived as a rel ationship that provides a safe place to share the private concerns, fears, hopes and deeply personal ideas of self that are emergent at this time† (2011). This is exemplified by Gordy’s and Chris’ ability to open up emotionally to each other. Chris was able confide in Gordy about how he felt that whole town was judging him as a bad person based on his family’s poor reputation. Gordy was able confide in Chris about how his parents were neglecting him since the death of his brother. Both boys would hug and comfort the other when they were emotionally upset and most importantly they both trusted each other reveal these emotional issues. Dr. Bodinger-deUriarte also states that â€Å"true affection can be provided by friends as well - this involves a combination of nurturance, protectiveness, kindness and fond feelings† (2011). This is further exemplified when Chris plays the role of Gordy’s father by encouraging him and supporting him to pur sue his dreams of being a writer. The intimacy and affection that was present in Gordy’s and Chris’ friendship will help mend the trust issues that Gordy has from the neglect from his parents. - David Arsene References Bodinger-deUriarte, C. 2011. â€Å"6 Functions of Friendship Adolescence† inShow MoreRelatedThe Movie Watched Is A Few Good Men And It Was Obtained At 123movies Essay1116 Words   |  5 PagesThe title of the movie watched is A Few Good Men and it was obtained at 123movies.gs. Its major characters are Lt. Daniel Kaffee, Lt. Commander JoAnne Galloway, Colonel Nathan R. Jessep, and Lance Corporal Harold Dawson. Five themes that the movie dramatically displayed were how plea deals were done, the respect judges get, the responsibilities of a judge, the responsibilities of a defense attorney, and it also showed very little of what a bailiff does in the courtroom. 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Australia Common Tendency Smoking Cigarettes †Free Samples

Question: Discuss About The Australia Common Tendency Smoking Cigarettes? Answer: Introduction The Australians have a common tendency of smoking cigarettes. The smoking rate of the adult includes the persons who are regular smokers. At present, the smoking rate of an adult of this nation has declined as compared to previous few years (Clarke and Prentice 2012). This essay reflects on the present consumption of cigarettes and its market. It also facilitates in investigating the factors that influences cigarettes demand and supply. In addition, the product nature and its demand elasticity is also discussed in this study. Moreover, the elasticity of cigarettes has been assessed according to its current demand and supply. Few measures adopted by the Australian government that affects the cigarettes production is also explained in this study. Discussion The market is analyzed based on the demand and supply of a particular product. Product demand refers to the consumers wants that considers their capacity of purchasing power. There are different variables that influence products demand discussed below. Demand determinants Cigarette price- Goods price is inversely related with the demand for quantity of the good. Therefore, increase in cigarettes price leads to fall in demand for cigarettes. Customers income level- As cigarette is a luxury good, the individuals satisfies their demand if their income level rises. Thus, the purchasers income and the demand for quantity of cigarettes are positively related with each other. Consumers taste and preference- The demand for a particular good also depends on the consumers tastes and preference. The preference for cigarettes varies among the individuals. This change in preference might increase or decrease the cigarettes demand in the market. Supply determinants Supply of commodities refers to the total commodity that the manufacturer is eager to supply in the current market. Few variables that influences the cigarettes supply are illustrated below: Goods price level- The commodity price provides a positive effect on the cigarette supply. Therefore, as the cigarette price increases, the manufacturers strategize in selling more good and vice-versa (Callard and Collishaw 2013). Input costs- The input cost including the labor and raw materials cost acts in negative way on the supply of total amount of cigarettes in the society (Newbold et al. 2012). However, the cost of production increases with the increase in input cost, thereby decreasing the product supply. Analyzing the result of demand and supply of certain product According to law of demand, the cost of cigarettes is negatively related with the demand for its quantity with other factors influencing product demand remaining stable. As a result, this leads to negatively sloped demand curve (Koo 2013). On the contrary, the law of supply depicts positive relationship between the supply of total quantity of cigarettes and its price. Therefore, this reflects positive sloping supply curve . The market equilibrium occurs when the demand for product intersects with the supply of product. This portrays the equilibrium price of the cigarettes and its quantity demanded in Australia. Figure 1: Equilibrium price and quantity demanded of cigarettes Source: (As created by author) In the above diagram, DD represents the demand curve for cigarettes and SS depicts cigarettes supply curve (Rios et al. 2013). The intersection of these two curves corresponds to equilibrium price of cigarettes shown by Pe and its quantity demanded reflected by Qe. Elasticity of a certain good signifies the sensitivity of demand for quantity of product in respect of its price change. In case of elastic goods, the change in demand for its quantity becomes higher than its price change (Scollo et al. 2014). Cigarettes are such kind of product in which small increase in its price leads to reduction in its total consumption. Hence, this portrays that cigarettes are elastic good. The figure shown below reflects demand curve of elastic product such as cigarettes. Figure 2: Demand elasticity of cigarettes Source: (As created by author) In this diagram, cigarettes demand curve is flatter than original demand curve. Cigarettes initial price (P1) corresponds to the demand for its quantity (Q1). However, as price of cigarettes falls from P1 to P2, the demand for its total quantity rises from Q1 to Q2. Measures taken by the government The Australian government has taken an initiative in prohibiting smoking in public places. They also advised the cigarettes manufacturing entities to include graphic health caution on the cigarette packets (Bauer 2014). In addition, Australian government raised tax of cigarettes and hence the cost of cigarettes production. They also adopted a law of increasing tobacco excise in three years gap. The prohibition act of tobacco advertisement is also designed by the government that aims to impose restraint on exposing public to its advertisement through media. These policies adopted by Australian government have reduced cigarettes consumption and this declined its demand. Conclusion Recent statistics reflect that smoking rate among adults in Australia reduced in 2017 as compared to 2016. The variables influencing cigarettes demand and supply in the nation has facilitated in assessing the market change for cigarettes. As cigarettes is analyzed as elastic product, small change in its price impacts on its quantity demanded in higher way. Thus, Australian government has implemented various measures for decreasing cigarettes consumption in the nation References Bauer, M.J.R., 2014. Principles of microeconomics. Baumol, W.J. and Blinder, A.S., 2015.Microeconomics: Principles and policy. Cengage Learning. Callard, C.D. and Collishaw, N.E., 2013. Supply-side options for an endgame for the tobacco industry.Tobacco control,22(suppl 1), pp.i10-i13. Clarke, H. and Prentice, D., 2012. Will plain packaging reduce cigarette consumption?.Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy,31(3), pp.303-317. Koo, D., 2013.Elements of optimization: with applications in economics and business. Springer Science Business Media. Newbold, P., Carlson, W. and Thorne, B., 2012.Statistics for business and economics. Pearson. Rios, M.C., McConnell, C.R. and Brue, S.L., 2013.Economics: Principles, problems, and policies. McGraw-Hill. Scollo, M., Zacher, M., Durkin, S. and Wakefield, M., 2014. Early evidence about the predicted unintended consequences of standardised packaging of tobacco products in Australia: a cross-sectional study of the place of purchase, regular brands and use of illicit tobacco.BMJ open,4(8), p.e005873.

Superstition Essays - Folklore, Luck, Superstitions, Magic

Superstition Md. Mosharaf Bhuiayan ENG 1003 11/9/00 8:30 PM Prof. Dunning Emerged in Superstition In the middle of the night often my mother cries out, Oh God! The dog is whining in the middle of the night; this is inauspicious. Something terrible is coming! Riaz, go feed the dog. She is surrounded by all those superstitious beliefs. She even has book named Fazilatnama or Virtuous Obligation about all those superstitions, like what brings luck and what brings adversity. I am however a very rational person. I tend to believe in reason more than feeling, but I also happen to be superstitious- in my fashion and my culture. My superstitions are those that my mother conveyed to me, which are probably passed into her by her mother. Also the country Bangladesh, in which, I have grown most of my youth is full of superstitious beliefs. So superstitions are passed in the same way as my native language and my culture passed to me. Some examples of common everyday superstitions of my culture are the belief that if your palm itches, you will obtain money; that if your sole itches, you may tra vel; that if your right eyelash throbbed, you will face happiness. And the most common in all over the world as well as in my country is the belief that the number 13 is unlucky, and that a black cat crossing your path can affect your luck. According to The Little Oxford Dictionary, superstition is belief in the existence or power of the supernatural; irrational fear of the unknown; a religion or practice based on such tendencies; widely hold out but wrong idea. Now why do believe in something that has no logical explanation and according to science, which is completely wrong? We can find the answer in the definition of superstition. Though there is no rational explanation, we believe or obey those superstitions because we are afraid of the consequence of not obeying those rules. For example, my mother used to make me feed the dog in the middle of the night to save me from that unknown but something evil, because my mother believes that a dog can sense this evil and feeding the dog is also one way of offering food to that evil. The evil will release me because I offered him food. Also this is a belief that everyone else believes. Now it may be wrong, preposterous, but all the other people think its right and you believe it too. For example, in my country everybody believes that it is inauspicious to travel on an amaavasyaa or New Moon day. On a New Moon day, it is believed that all the demons of the universe walk on the earth and collision with one of them could bring something ominous or harmful. So, that is why my mother would not let me go out at that night because she wants to save me from that unknown but harmful demon. On the other hand, Science is the knowledge of the physical world and its phenomenon, which depends on testing facts and systematic experimentations. My country may be full of superstitions, but many of them can be debunked through logical and scientific experimentation. For example, my mother believes that a dog whines in the middle of the night because it can see all the harmful demons around him. She also believes that on the amaavasyaa or new Moon day all the demons walk around the earth. So during amaavasyaa our dog should whine all night long because he can see those demons (if there any) around him. However during some of the amaavasya I did not even see him whining at all. So the dog only whines when he is hungry and only food can make him stop whining in the middle of the night. Now the widespread belief that it is inauspicious to travel on an amaavasyaa can be proved wrong through logical explanation. This superstition must have evolved before the advent of electricity. It would have been problematic to be stuck at night on a lonely road and plundered by lurking thieves with no moonlight to light up the way. So at that time when there was no electricity, people made superstitions in order to